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2026 Vol.6, Issue 1

Research Article

Effects of CO2 concentration and greenhouse internal temperature on the production of the fully ripe tomato dephnis variety

이산화탄소농도와 온실내부온도가 완숙토마토 ‘데프니스’ 생산량에 미치는 영향

Bum-seouk Kim1†
,
Sungwan Park1†
,
Hoon Seonwoo23*
김 범석1†
,
박 성완1†
,
선우 훈23*
1Graduate Student, Smart Agriculture Major, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
2Professor, Smart Agriculture Major, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
3Professor, Department of Convergent Biosystems Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
1국립순천대학교 스마트농업전공 대학원생
2국립순천대학교 스마트농업전공 교수
3국립순천대학교 융합바이오시스템기계공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
†These authors equally contributed to this study as first author.
31 March 2026. pp. 1-11
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Abstract

Recent advancements in smart farming technology in South Korea have emphasized the importance of precise environmental control for enhancing crop productivity in large-scale facilities. In particular, optimizing CO2 enrichment and temperature management is essential for maximizing the yield of hydroponically grown tomatoes in glass greenhouses. This study evaluated how greenhouse CO2 concentration and internal temperature were associated with the yield of fully ripe tomato cultivated in a Venlo-type glass greenhouse in Goheung, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea. Environmental data were recorded at 5-min intervals from 1 October 2022 to 29 April 2023 and summarized as 7-day averages. Tomato growth traits and harvested fruit weight were monitored throughout the cultivation period. To account for the approximate time lag between fruit set and harvest, environmental variables measured 8 weeks prior to harvest were compared with weekly yield patterns. CO2 enrichment began during cultivation, increasing the internal CO2 concentration from approximately 420 ppm to higher levels, and yield tended to increase after the rise in CO2 concentration. Multiple linear regression showed that the 8-week-lagged mean CO2 concentration and the internal maximum temperature significantly predicted harvested fruit weight. The model explained 69.6% of the variance in yield, with an adjusted R2 of 0.635, and it was statistically significant with an F value of 11.437 and a p value of 0.003. Both the CO2 concentration and the internal maximum temperature were positively associated with yield, with regression coefficients of 10.807 and 294.184 and corresponding p values of 0.015 and 0.019, respectively. Multicollinearity was not detected, as indicated by a variance inflation factor of 1.085. These results suggest that combining CO2 enrichment with appropriate temperature control, particularly by managing internal maximum temperature, may help achieve stable yield improvement in greenhouse-grown ‘Dephnis’ tomatoes.

Keywords
Tomato
Greenhouse
CO2 concentration
Temperature
Multiple linear regression
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국농업기계학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Agricultural Machinery Engineering
  • Journal Title(Ko) :농업기계공학
  • Volume : 6
  • No :1
  • Pages :1-11
  • Received Date : 2026-01-05
  • Revised Date : 2026-01-28
  • Accepted Date : 2026-01-30
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12972/jame.2026.6.1.1
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